Objective research to aid investing decisions

Value Investing Strategy (Strategy Overview)

Allocations for February 2026 (Final)
Cash TLT LQD SPY

Momentum Investing Strategy (Strategy Overview)

Allocations for February 2026 (Final)
1st ETF 2nd ETF 3rd ETF
Research Finder

Investing Research Articles

3840 Research Articles

Valuing Music Royalties

How can investors estimate the value of musical assets as an alternative investment? In their January 2025 paper entitled “Pricing Music Royalty Assets”, Luis Villalobos, Yuao Peng, Ananya Mohapatra, Caroline He, Tiffany Filawo, Sasha Stoikov...

Academic Studies vs. Practitioner Experiences with Equity Factors

Can fund managers, and thereby individual investors, reliably exploit academic research on equity factors? In his January 2025 paper entitled “Do Factor Strategies Beat the Market?”, Edward McQuarrie reviews differences between the results of academic...

Innumeracy and Look-ahead Bias in LLMs?

Recent research in accounting and finance finds that large language models (LLM) beat humans on a variety of related tasks, but the black box nature of LLMs obscures why. Is LLM outperformance real? In his...

Meta AI Stock Picking Backtest

Do annual stock picks from the Meta AI large language model beat the market? To investigate, we ask Meta AI to pick the top 10 stocks for each of 2020-2024 based on information available only...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 1/27/25 – 1/31/25

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 1/27/25 through 1/31/25. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...

ChatGPT Stock Picking Backtest

Do annual stock picks from the ChatGPT large language model beat the market? To investigate, we ask ChatGPT to pick the top 10 stocks for each of 2020-2024 based on information available only before each...

Mitigating Look-ahead Bias in Forecasting with LLMs

How can researchers ensure that large language models (LLM), when tasked with time series forecasting, do not inject look-ahead bias and thereby inflate measured predictive power? In his brief November 2024 paper entitled “Look-Ahead Bias...

Test of Some Motley Fool Public Stock Picks

A reader asked: “I am wondering how come you have not rated Motley Fool guys. Any insight?” To augment the test of Motley Fool public stock picks in “‘Buy These Stocks for 2019’ Forward Test”,...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 1/21/25 – 1/24/25

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 1/21/25 through 1/24/25. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...

Testing the All Weather Portfolio

A subscriber requested a test of Ray Dalio‘s All Weather (AW) portfolio with different rebalancing frequencies, allocated to exchange-traded funds (ETF) as asset class proxies as follows: 30% – Vanguard Total Stock Market (VTI) 40%...

Extracting Sentiment Probabilities from LLMs

Generative large language models (LLM), such as ChatGPT, are best known for conversational summation of complex information. Their use in financial forecasting focuses on discrete news sentiment signals of positive (1), neutral (0) or negative...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 1/13/25 – 1/17/25

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 1/13/25 through 1/17/25. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...

Usefulness of AI Chatbots to Individual Investors

Can a generative artificial intelligence (AI) model, such as ChatGPT 4o, materially aid investors in understanding the implications of earnings conference call transcripts? In their December 2024 paper entitled “AI, Investment Decisions, and Inequality”, Alex...

Which PE Is Best?

Which price-to-earnings ratio is best for screening stocks? In the November 2024 first version of his paper entitled “Forward Price-Earnings Ratio”, Luca Conrads compares the practical abilities of seven price-to-earnings ratios to predict S&P 500...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 1/6/25 – 1/10/25

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 1/6/25 through 1/10/25. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...

LLM Prompt Snooping Bias?

Data snooping bias entails the capture of noise in a dataset that is lucky with respect to a research goal, such as high Sharpe ratio for an investment/trading strategy. Snooping may involve discovery via multiple...

Complete Finance Research by LLMs?

Can large language models (LLMs) create financial research? In their December 2024 paper entitled “AI-Powered (Finance) Scholarship”, Robert Novy-Marx and Mihail Velikov describe a process for automatically generating academic finance papers using LLMs and demonstrates...

Trigger Words for Stock Returns

Are there “trigger” words in risk sections of annual U.S. firm 10-K reports that materially influence buying and selling of associated stocks? In his December 2024 paper entitled “Risky Words and Returns”, Sina Seyfi tests...

Buy Intraday Loser Stocks in the Last Half-hour?

Should investors expect end-of-day rebounds in intraday loser stocks? In their November 2024 paper entitled “End-of-Day Reversal”, Amar Soebhag, Guido Baltussen and Zhi Da investigate intraday return reversal among individual stocks during the last 30...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 12/30/24 – 1/3/25

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 12/30/24 through 1/3/25. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...

Imagined Markets, Imagined Research Findings?

Experimental (researcher-imagined) asset markets provide a controlled environment for testing hypotheses about investor behaviors. Do limits on abilities of researchers to model markets realistically, and researcher incentives/motivations, jeopardize the credibility of associated studies? In their...

LLMs as Quant Tools

How can investors best apply the available array of Large Language Models (LLM) in quantitative strategy development? In his December 2024 paper entitled “The LLM Quant Revolution: From ChatGPT to Wall Street”, William Mann summarizes...

Extended Tests of Four Popular Stock Screening Strategies

How well have popular stock screens worked over the long term and since 2000? In their December 2024 paper entitled “Formula Investing”, Marcel Schwartz and Matthias Hanauer test four popular stock screening formulas with a...

Dynamic Exchange Rate Hedging for Cross-currency Equity Holdings

How can cross-currency equity investors best approach hedging the associated currency exchange risk? In their December 2024 paper entitled “The Best Strategies for FX Hedging”, Pedro Castro, Carl Hamill, John Harber, Campbell Harvey and Otto...

Weekly Summary of Research Findings: 12/23/24 – 12/27/24

Below is a weekly summary of our research findings for 12/23/24 through 12/27/24. These summaries give you a quick snapshot of our content the past week so that you can quickly decide what’s relevant to...